What is a multitasking operating system The operating system that runs more than one task at a time is known as a multitasking operating system (MOS). MOS can be desktop or mobile operating system (OS). Different tasks run in the OS are MS Word, MS Excel, email application, browser, media player, OS services etc. End users use all these programs at the same time. But OS takes this [...]
What is uniprogramming Uniprogramming means one program sits in main memory at a time. Uniprogramming was used in old computers and mobiles. When the computer starts then operating system and application programs are loaded into main memory. We only count user programs running in RAM. RAM is also called main memory. In old operating systems (OS) only one program runs on the computer at a time. Either of [...]
Definition of multiprogramming The process of sharing CPU time with multiple programs or jobs is called multiprogramming. Multiprogramming is based on content switching. In context switching, one job run until I/O interrupt occurs. When I/O interrupt occurs then CPU switch to another job. There may also occur other types of interrupts like event interrupt, memory interrupt, hardware interrupt etc. Interrupts are just like alert actions that notify CPU [...]
Definition of monolithic operating system The monolithic operating system is a very basic operating system in which file management, memory management, device management, and process management is directly controlled within the kernel. All these components like file management, memory management etc. are located within the kernel. Monolithic architecture diagram History of monolithic operating system The monolithic operating system is also known as the monolithic kernel. This is an [...]
What is batch processing In batch processing data is processed in parts. This type of processing is done at the end of the day, week, or month. Batch processing is used in many places like printing utility bills, processing credit cards, processing group of images in Photoshop. In batch processing, all data is stored in a master file. Data in the master file is first sorted and then [...]
Definition of assembly language: A low-level programming language which uses symbols and lack variables and functions and which work directly with CPU. Assembly language is coded differently for every type of processor. X86 and x64 processors have a different code of assembly language for performing the same tasks. Assembly language has the same commands as machine language but instead of 0 and 1, it uses names. Definition of [...]
Definition of wide area network (WAN) Wide area network (WAN) is a type of network that provides transmission of voice, data, images, and videos over the large geographical area. WAN is made with the combinations of LAN and MAN. The transmission of data is carried out with the help of hubs, switches, fiber optics, modem, and routers. To transfer data from any computer over the internet we use [...]
Before going into the main topic let me first discuss what is LAN. LAN is a short form of local area network. Local area network is a network for connecting computers and other computer accessories with each other. Computer accessories include printers, scanners, game consoles etc. LAN is used to make the connection of computers within one building. To make the connection between the computers we use communication [...]
Personal area network (PAN) is an interconnection between different devices like smartphone, tablet, computer and other digital devices. PAN is used for a personal purpose like data sharing among devices and it has a range of 10 meters. Some type of personal area networks is wired like USB while others are wireless like Bluetooth. Wireless personal area network is also known as WPAN. Personal Area Network (PAN) Diagram [...]
We use mobiles and other screen devices on daily basis. These devices ease our lives. On these devices, we can see some menus that help us perform any task. We can perform different tasks on mobiles like checking the weather, making a phone call, reading emails etc. The screen of mobile guides us by showing different menus. We can define the screen as interface and the screen which [...]
